Getting in and out
- login
- Log into the system
- rlogin
- Log into another system
- passwd
- Change your password
- logout
- Leave the system
File utilities
- mv
- Move (rename) files
- cp
- Copy files
- rm
- Remove files
- cat
- Display, concatenate files
- more
- Page through files
- sort
- Sort a file
- diff
- Find differences in files
- cmp
- Compare files
- comm
- Find common lines
- uniq
- Remove repeated lines
- chmod
- Change permissions of files
- vi
- Edit file
-
joe
- A simple editor for files
- emacs
- A complex editor for files
- jove
- Another editor for files
Special Characters
- !
- History recall
- \
- Quote character
- *
- All match
- ?
- One character match
- []
- Match a set of characters
- ^
- History substitution
- %
- Job referencing
- &
- Put job in background
- '
- Quote characters
- -
- Denotes an option
I/O Redirection
- c > f
- c into f
- c < f
- f into c
- c < f > o
- f into c output into o
- c >> f
- Add output of c to f
- c >! f
- Overwrite f from c output
- c >& f
- Put c output & errors into f
- p | n
- Pipe p into n
- p |& n
- Pipe p and errors into n
- `c`
- Quote output of c
Printing
- lpr
- Print a file
- lpq
- Check the printer
- lprm
- Remove print job
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Common Utilities
- date
- Print date and time
- script
- Save a transcript of a job
- clear
- Clear the screen
- mail or elm
- Send/read e-mail
- trn
- Read USENET news
- talk
- Open a conversation
- head
- Display the first few lines of a file
- tail
- Display the last few lines of a file
- finger
- Find out who's on
- groups
- Find out what group you're in
- quota -v
- Check your quota
- man
- Display manual pages
- grep
- Find a string in a file
- find
- Find a file in a directory
- du
- Display disk usage
- ftp
- File transfer between machines
- rlogin
- Log into a UNIX system
- telnet
- Log into non-UNIX system
- tn3270
- Log into IBM systems
- balance
- Show your account balance
- sysinfo
- Read relevant system information
- msgs
- Read important system messages
Compilers and program utilities
- cc
- C compiler
- gcc
- GNU C compiler
- f77
- FORTRAN 77 compiler
- pc
- Pascal compiler
- dbx
- Debugger for cc, pc, f77
Processes
- jobs
- Show jobs
- ps
- Show process status
- kill
- Terminate a job
- stop
- Suspend a job
- fg
- Bring a job to foreground
- bg
- Resume job in background
- exit
- Leave a non-login shell session
- Control-Z
- One keypress to suspend a job
- Control-C
- One keypress to kill a job
- Control-D
- One keypress for end-of-file (EOF)
csh Shell Variables
- term
- What terminal you are using
- path
- Search path for commands
- filec
- Complete file names with ESC
- ignoreeof
- Can't use ^D to logout
- noclobber
- No overwrite w/ I/O redirection
- prompt
- The shell prompt
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Files in your directory
- .
- The current directory
- ..
- The parent directory
- .cshrc
- Paths, settings and aliases
- .login
- Reminders, tedious tasks
- .logout
- Commands done w/ logout
- .mailrc
- Default mail configuration
- .forward
- Address to forward to
- .exrc
- Startup for vi
- .plan
- Your 'plan' (for finger)
- .project
- Your 'project' (for finger)
- .msgsrc
- Record for msgs
- .rhosts
- The access file for your account
- News
- Directory for saved news articles
- mbox or Mail
- Your mail
- core
- A core dump
- a.out
- A compiled program
Using Directories
- mkdir
- Make a directory
- ls
- List directory contents
- cd
- Change directory
- pwd
- Print working directory
- pushd
- Push a directory on the stack
- popd
- Pop a directory off the stack
- dirs
- Print the directory stack
csh Shell Commands
- alias
- Assign/display aliases
- unalias
- Remove aliases
- set
- Declare/display shell variables
- unset
- Remove shell variables
- setenv
- Set environment variables
- unsetenv
- Remove environment variables
- printenv
- Print environment variables
- rehash
- Re-establish commands
- source
- Execute shell scripts
- history
- Print history of commands
Environment Variables
- PRINTER
- Default printer
- MANPATH
- Search path for man pages
- PAGER
- Default screen page reader
- VISUAL
- Default screen editor
- EDITOR
- Default editor
- EXINIT
- vi configurations
- HOME
- Your home directory
- TERM
- Terminal type
- USER
- Your User ID
- SHELL
- The shell you are using
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